For any person a rose is a beautiful flower, for a lover – a sincere revealing to the object of his sighs, the poet sees in the rose his inspiration, the artist conveys the image of love. But for a gardener, a rose is a subject of study: pistils, stamens, leaves, roots.
The biology of roses, a knowledge that is necessary not only for professionals, but also for gardeners. This knowledge helps properly take care of plants and achieve maximum decorative effect. For example, a rose bush is young (1-2 years old growth of branches), it forms many eyelets, from which flowering shoots grow, which abundantly blossom. Such plants can be planted less often. But there are varieties that slowly form blossoming buds and they should be planted thicker, so that it would be more beautiful.
The genus Rosa belongs to the family of rosaceous and has about 400 wild species, or dogrose. They grow, as a rule, in a temperate climate. Each new variety is a new combination of the number and color of the petals, the shape of the flower and leaves, the richness of the fragrance.
Roses are multistage shrubs, lianas and ground cover. For height, they can be dwarfish (10 – 15 cm) and even giants – up to 10 m (length of shoots). The root system is pivotal. But there can be roses, in which the main root is absent, and it is replaced by several branched lateral roots. Such roses are obtained by propagation from the cuttings, the process or the line (propagation by vegetative means). Now mostly roses are grown on a wild rootstock, which enhances their endurance. For example, planted on a rose Lax or a rose rugose (wrinkled). The most hardy roses are obtained by grafting on a dog rose, which is also called a canina rose.
Mostly all roses have thorns – modified hairs of the skin. They can be of different shapes: from straight to hooked. In some varieties they carry a decorative load. Leaves of roses are complex nonparietal, with a different number of leaves: in botanical species of European origin, they are 5-7, in hybrids – 5-9. The leaves are shiny, very shiny and matte smooth, and wrinkled with deep grooves. The color of the leaves can be from light green to red. Stiples are an important time to determine the species. Multiflora has fringed and broad stipules; in tea roses they are slightly jagged, in rugose – wide and large.
Flower Arrangement
1- Petal
2- Boot
3- Stamina filament
4- Ryll
5- Column
6 – Ovary
7- The sepal
8- Receptacle